Got a test for the vars, V. Arrays. As you said, arrays are not as fast as non-arrays. Which makes it basically, if you don't need an array, don't use it. On the other hand, if you need to have an array, non-arrays are not that much faster to stop using arrays completely.
I agree with your tests.
<?php
$i = 0;
$b_time = microtime();
while ($i < 10000) {
$a = 1;
$b = 2;
$c = 'todd';
$d = "penelope";
$e = $a.$b.$c.$d.$e;
$a='';
$b='';
$c='';
$d='';
$e='';
$i++;
}
$e_time = microtime();
$timetaken = round($e_time - $b_time, 4);
echo "<br />Test one took: $timetaken seconds.";
$i = 0;
$b_time = microtime();
while ($i < 10000) {
$arr['a'] = 1;
$arr['b'] = 2;
$arr['c'] = 'todd';
$arr['d'] = "penelope";
$arr['e'] = $a.$b.$c.$d.$e;
$arr['a']='';
$arr['b']='';
$arr['c']='';
$arr['d']='';
$arr['e']='';
$i++;
}
$e_time = microtime();
$timetaken = round($e_time - $b_time, 4);
echo "<br />Test one took: $timetaken seconds.";
//results show non-arrays in 10000 passes are faster by 0.005x
//not slow enough to suggest non-arrays should be used in every situation, only when arrays are not required
?>